Definition

A personalized neoantigen booster vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding numerous patient-specific tumor neoantigens, which are identified based on patient-specific tumor mutations obtained from the individual’s tumor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The neoantigens are the same as the ones in the priming vaccine GAd-PEV. Following administration of the priming vaccine GAd-PEV, the administration of the booster vaccine, personalized cancer neoantigen vaccine MVA-PEV, may further enhance CD8+ and CD4+ neoantigen-specific T-cell responses against the patient’s tumor cells expressing the neoantigens.