Definition

A bovine-derived, stabilized, non-polymeric, cross-linked, tetrameric hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, with potential oxygen carrying, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oxygen carrier YQ23 may increase the oxygen level in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may prevent the increase of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) that results from tissue ischemia and hypoxia. EPCs play important roles in tumor vasculogenesis, tumor growth and metastases. Tregs play an important role in antitumor immune responses.