Definition

A preparation of autologous T lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-ILT3 CAR-T cells target and bind to ILT3-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against ILT3-expressing tumor cells. ILT3, a tumor associated antigen (TAA) and an immune inhibitory receptor expressed on immune suppressive myeloid cells, is highly expressed on certain hematologic cancer cells, such as monocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. It functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation as its extracellular domain inhibits T-cell activity. It plays an important role in tumor infiltration, T-cell suppression and immune tolerance.