Definition

A topical cream formulation containing the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) esomeprazole, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities. Upon topical administration, esomeprazole inhibits the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), which increases the levels of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). In addition, esomeprazole increases the expression of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Together, these actions reduce oxidative stress which may protect cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular damage, inflammation and fibrosis.