Definition

A trispecific antibody targeting hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-c-Met/EGFR/VEGF trispecific antibody TAVO412 simultaneously targets and binds to c-Met, EGFR and VEGF. The binding of TAVO412 to c-Met and EGFR expressed on tumor cells prevents receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both c-Met- and EGFR-mediated signaling pathways. The binding of TAVO412 to VEGF prevents both its binding to VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) and VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling. This inhibits the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and prevents the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels, which leads to tumor cell death. In addition, TAVO412 induces Fc-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). EGFR and c-Met, both upregulated and/or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. VEGF is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, and VEGF/VEGFR signaling plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells.